Al-Abṣār (الابصار)

Editorial and Index

Editor — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Rulings derived from Hadith Khilāba and contemporary applications

Shazia Chohan — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Hadith Khilāba refers to the tradition which was narrated by a companion of the Prophet, peace be upon him, Habban bin Munqidh or his father, Munqidh bin Amru, that he was often cheated in matters of buying and selling, due to which he had to suffer losses. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to them, "When you do any business of buying and selling, say that there will be no fraud and I will have authority for three days."

All forms of Khilāba and all other methods by which one of the parties tries to deceive, can cause defects in the consent of the other party and affect the binding force of the party, and the Shariah in favor of the party who has cheated, exercises this option under which he has the right to invalidate the contract in the light of different schools of thoughts of Islamic jurisprudence.

Difference between Transgender & LGBTQ+, History & Controversial Transgender Act in Pakistan

Muhammad Tahir Akbar — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

ABSTRACT
Most people especially in Pakistan consider, every transgender to be a part of the International LGBTQ+ movement. In the past, opportunities were available to Trans genders to lead a dignified life. Apart from the excellent jobs in the Courts & Places of the rulers & government officials in the sub-continent (Indo-Pak). He also had a prestigious position in the society. But in present Age, unlike other disabled people in the society, they are forced to live a very humiliating & difficult life.
In the decision of the Supreme Court of Pakistan on September 25, 2012, it was said that Trans genders have all the rights guaranteed by the constitutions. So, they can lead a normal life like other members of the society. This petition was filed by Islamic Jurist Dr. Muhammad Aslam Khaki. In light of the Supreme Court’s decision, The National Assembly of Pakistan, passed the Trans gender persons protection of rights bill in May, 08, 2018. But due to the inclusion of a controversial clause in it, the entire bill became controversial. Although, it was rejected by all political parties in National Assembly in September 28, 2022.
It is also worth mentioning that if medical facilities are available to Trans genders till the age of puberty. Then, they do not remain Trans gender but become male or female. The article under review is written in this context.
Keywords: Transgender, LGBTQ+, Supreme Court, National Assembly.

Contemporary interpretations and Shariah restrictions of adornment

Dr. Muhammad Sadiq — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The religion of Islam, by removing the impurities prevailing on the meaning of beauty, made it fine and beautified and pointed out the prominent limits and signs according to its true beauty, so that beauty and masculine perfections and distinctions can be found in the realm of virtue free from stupidity and shamelessness. Also, that the one who adopts beauty should not fall into any forbidden actions that offend the Lord or misperceptions or doubts that spoil the creation. It is clear from the Sharīaḥ arguments that transgressing the boundaries between men's and women's adornment is highly disliked by the religion of Islam. This destroys morals and character. The values of the virtues are shaken, the greatness of the nation and the purity of the society are weakened and its consequences are extremely fatal and destructive, therefore in view of the fulfilling the desires of being attractive, in such a way that the desire to look attractive, is also fulfilled and does not exceed the rules and regulations of the religion.

Jurisprudential Interpretations of Shirk

Syed Muhammad Mubeen Shah — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Knowledge is either acquired or gifted by ALLAH. The latter refers to the knowledge bestowed upon the Messenger of ALLAH. The Final Prophet of ALLAH is the fountainhead of all knowledge in the universe. The knowledge man has acquired so far has been declared by ALLAH as little. But the Holy Prophet is the city of knowledge. Yet he is humble and his life history leaves for us a striking lesson of humility and modesty. We, therefore, can acquire maximum learning from the Prophetic source of knowledge which is his life conduct, the Seerah and the Divine Revelation, the Quran.

A Research Based Analytical Study of the Issue of Qiyās fil ‘Ibādah

Dr Zubair Tayyab — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

AaQiyās means to measure or evaluating one thing in terms of another. Qiyās indicates a comparison to establish equality or similarity between two things. According to Jurists, Technically it is an extension of law from the original text to which the process is pragmatic. Qiyās is an extension of the Shari’ah ruling from the original case (AṢl) to the new case (Far’) because both of them have the same effective cause (‘Illah). As per Jurists, Qiyās is one of the most important among the rational sources. In Qiyās a jurist tries to find out the effective cause of a Ḥukm in the Qur’an and Sunnah then renders the two cases equal in terms of Ḥukm. To find the Ḥukm is not an easy task in majority of cases, and for this purpose a qualified person such as, Mujtahid is sometimes required in such a case.The article under review is related to the issue of Qiyās fil ‘Ibādah. Jurists have different opinion in said issue. In this article, the opinions of the Jurists have been examined in detail and research concludes that no absolute Ḥukm can be placed on this issue. Where a reason is found to be rational it is suitable to order the proclamation of the Qiyās.

Shariah Status of Sukuk Salam and its Conditions

Sarfraz Ajmal — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This article is about Sukuk Salam. It has been examined in the light of Sharia. This article contains the terms of Bai Salam and the Ahkam of Sukuk.It is a type of sale in which the buyer pays the price first. Whereas Bai' (the thing sold) is Adhaar (deferred). A sale is a sale by which the seller undertakes to deliver a specified item to the buyer on a specified date in the future in return for receiving a price in cash in advance .seller supplies the goods, such as wheat, after a certain period of time.

Sukuk Salam are documents of par value that are issued to collect the principal of Bai Salam. Holders of sukuk become the owners of Muslim Fiyah i.e. property.

A critical and comparative approach has been adopted in this paper. This paper provides a critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature on salam sukuk from three perspectives. This paper shows that the literature on salam sukuk is based mostly on qualitative research rather than quantitative research, with most of the scholarly research being conference and It is in the form of seminar papers

If sukuk are issued on this basis, they will be of great importance in expanding Islamic finance and will play a major role in achieving the objectives of Shariah. The findings in this paper show that by identifying the risk inherent in sukuk salam, It can enable stakeholders to resolve related funding issues

In the end, the result is that Sukuk Salam is permissible in Shari'ah. If no interest element is involved in it.

The Current Ideality of Dalālah al-Nas in Ayāt al-Ahkām

Javed Mustafa — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The core purpose of Islamic Studies is to understand Qur’an via Qur’an, Hadith, Grammar, History, etc. especially the verses containing commandments and prohibitions. Such verses belong to direct practices of Muslim’s’ life. Each of such verses are categorized into four section on the basis of their indications on meaning. The research topic “The Current Ideality of Dalālah al-Nas in Ayāt al-Ahkām” leads to new area of research in the field of Dalalāt that is one of subsequent discussions of Principles of Jurisprudence. We normally find Dalālah al-Nas being discussed in the books of Principles of Jurisprudence very briefly, while it deserves to be discussed in detail with respect to the verses of commandments in Qur’an. As it has direct impact on understanding such verses. The research study has its own unique value.

Problems faced by a pluralistic society and remedies in the context of Sharia texts

Abdul Rauf Sanawan — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

We Live in a Global and Pluralistic Society Where Faith Traditions, Religious, Spiritualties Collide. In this global village, the Camaraderie of Muslims and non-Muslims has increased more than in the past. As a result of the weakening of linguistic, religious, political and cultural prejudices, there has been a great change in the ancient concepts of minority and majority. In today's pluralistic society, the scope of human needs has become very wide and there has been a great diversity in them. Today, Muslims are facing multifaceted social, economic, political and psychological problems even though the Prophet (PBUH) taught human rights, collective justice, tolerance and a peaceful social life in international relations. If we study the Prophet's biography, we find examples of pluralistic society from the Meccan and Madani periods of the Prophet, peace be upon him, which lead us to a better life in a pluralistic society. To live in a pluralistic society, the divine teachings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) teaches a comprehensive and coherent plan of action which can be followed to create a vibrant and peaceful human society. This article explains deeply about the interfaith relations in the Pluralistic society according to Islamic thoughts and Seerah.

Reforms in Hinduism A Critique in the Shariah Perspective

Dr. Obaidullah Fahad — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Hinduism has been a vital subject for studies and research of Muslims throughout the Islamic History. From Ibn Hazm (994-1063AD), and Al-Biruni (973- 1048AD) till modern period Muslim scholars have

been defining the commonalities between the two great religions and cultures of the world, and have been trying to find out some scope to mutual understanding and participation in the development. Maulana Sayyid Hamid Ali (1923-1993AD), the ex-general secretary of Jamaat-e Islami of India, a prolific writer, a distinguished orator and a moderate intellectual tried his best to understand Hinduism, its basic sources- Vedas, Upanishads, Manusmirtis, Puranas, Gita and Ramayana- its evolutionary stages and the reformative ideas in his writings. He has compared the monotheistic ideas of Vedas, as interpreted by Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902AD), Swami Dayananda Sarasvati (1824-1883) and other Hindu reformist Intellectuals, with the theory of Wahadat al-Wajud as advocated by Muhiuddin Ibn al-Arabi (d.1240AD) of Muslim Spain. The great scholar has also differentiated the said Sufi theory from the Quranic belief of tauhid. This chapter will examine the academic stand taken by the great Muslim intellectual in respect of Hinduism and try to understand his views objectively.

The Role of Dar-ul-Uloom Muhammadia Ghousia in Promoting Islamic Education

Dr. Hafiz Abdul Majeed — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Dar-ul-Uloom Muhammadia Ghousia was established in Bhera in 1925. It was a small city away from district head quarter. Bhera was famous due to its historical background. Huzoor Zia-ul-Ummat, Shaykh Muhammad Karam Shah (R.A), the son of Shaykh Muhammad Shah (R.A) completed his education at Al-Azhar University ( Cairo, Egypt) in1957. After this he took the responsibility of world's famous, Dar-ul-Uloom Muhammadia Ghousia (DMG University Bhera).He was a man of moderate temperament, unusual courage and unconquerable will. Peer Karam Shah (R.A) was full of God gifted qualities. His mission of life was to mould the state of Pakistan according to Islamic law. He was well aware of the changes of time. He made a decent decision to change the course of Dar-ul-Uloom according to religious necessities of time and also promoted modern knowledges. DMG was one of the first educational istitute of its kind to use syllabus of both Islamic knowledges and B.A in English for both boys and girls. Dar-ul-Uloom made a revolutionary decisions according to the requirements of time.

Peer Karam Shah Azhari decided to start the series of branches of Dar-ul-Uloom Muhammadia Ghousia. After this, publications were published in order to publish Islamic books. Thousands of students benefited here. Peer Sahb issued an islamic magazine "Zia-e-Harem" to convey his message to the political and religious circles.Dar-ul-Uloom has become a trustworthy institute of Pakistan and also reached about half a century in terms of age. In various government and privates institutes, graduate scholars of Dar-ul-Uloom are performing their roles. So there is no doubt to say that DMG has played an important role in promoting education and has included in the list of the best educational institutes of the century. The role of DMG in promoting Islamic education is tried to discuss in this essay.

Use of Artificial Meat in the Context of Sharia Texts

Rabia Iram — Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the permissibility of consuming synthetic/artificial meat in the context of Sharia texts. While traditional meat consumption in Islam is subject to certain conditions and regulations, the issue of synthetic meat is a relatively new one and has not been explicitly addressed in Islamic texts. However, some scholars and organizations have issued opinions on the permissibility of consuming synthetic meat based on existing Islamic principles. This article examines these opinions and their basis in Sharia texts, with a focus on the source of the cells used to produce synthetic meat and the production process.