Journal of Contemporary Business and Islamic Finance (JCBIF)

Innovative Attraction Strategy for Waqf Donors: Case of Saudi Arabia

Allaa Abdel Bari, Ridzwan Bakar — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The concept of Waqf is as deep-rooted in Islam; yet is still confronted with challenges and issues in Muslim countries. Many scholars have discussed the topic of waqf and questioned why it is getting vanished in Muslim countries, while trust in the western world is succeeding progressively. This study aims to propose a framework, Innovative Attraction Waqf Donors Strategy Matrix as a sustainable means of charity in Saudi Arabia. This paper is emphasized attracting cash waqf donors and the researcher is embracing a specific donor, young donors. Young generation donors are Millennials, Generation Z, and Generation Alpha. Issues and challenges like lack of awareness of waqf, waqf management, legal, financial, and others have led waqf donors to fear and step backward in donating. This paper aims at exploring an innovative attraction strategy for waqf donors, as one of the funding sustainability instruments. Besides, this paper is based on some of the challenges facing the Waqf industry in general, and waqf donors specifically in Saudi Arabia. It concludes by suggesting a strategy to attract waqf donors and solve some of their facing issues. The paper offers a theoretical model based on Saudi Arabia's experience, to change donors' fear into attractive donation habits, therefore, nourishing waqf through sustainable funding. The study develops prior research and highlights the tentative innovative strategy of reviving waqf by attracting more donors. The study adopts a qualitative approach where research, interview, and discussion as well as primary data collection were employed. The paper suggests some relevant opinions for Saudi Awqaf Ministry and practitioner considerations.

Dynamics of Leverage Policies: Comparative Analysis of Shariah Compliant and non- Compliant Firms

Naila Hameed , Humaira Anwar, Muhammad Naveed, Talha Siddiqui — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to check the influence of corporate governance on the leverage policies of Shariah-compliant and NSC firms. Also, their speed of adjustment toward optimal leverage is compared. The dynamic system GMM technique confirms that corporate governance is an essential feature in leveraging the policies of Shariah-compliant and NSC firms. However, the board size, board independence, CEO duality, and auditor reputation determine the leverage policy of Shariah-compliant firms. Board size, ownership concentration, and auditor reputation determine the leverage policy in NSC firms. Additionally, NSC firms adjust their leverage more quickly than Shariah-compliant firms.

How Audit Quality Affects Cash Holdings: Evidence from China

Sher Muhammad, Yan Chen, Hassan Ahmad, Abdul Hameed — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This is one the maiden studies that aim to reveal the association between audit quality and cash holdings among non-financial firms in the unique context of China, that is a major developing economy. Although previous studies have looked at the wider impact of governance systems on cash holdings decisions, there isn't much research on the precise connection between audit quality and company cash holdings—particularly in China's developing economies. This study, which has bases in agency, auditing, and cash theories, makes an assertion that stronger audit quality has tendency to discourage managers from hoarding extra cash holdings, thereby highlighting the significance of audit quality to be an instrument for monitoring. This study employs ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and fixed effects (FE) models to examine the effects of audit quality variables on cash holdings. This study uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) model for robustness. It employs a large sample dataset comprising 20203 observations of Chinese non-financial enterprises for the period of 2003-2016. This study confirms that audit quality works as a monitoring device and discourages unnecessary accumulation of Chinese firms' cash holdings. Audit quality dimensions, the Big4 auditors, audit fees, and the fear of receiving an unclean audit opinion work as regulating forces that stop managers' unnecessary holdings of cash reserves. This study contributes to governance systems and cash holdings in China. It is a maiden one to comprehensively employ audit quality as a corporate governance mechanism to assess how it affects cash holdings.

Impact of House Financing Accessibility on the Productivity of Private-Public Relationships in Mortgage Financing Conditions

Muhammad Saeed iqbal, Sofi Mohd Fikri , Asma Imtiaz , Hassan Dauda Yahaya — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study demonstrated that public-private relations (PPR) are a practical tool in providing affordable housing. Specifically, this paper seeks to gain a better understanding of how contractual finance and housing acceptability influence how public-private relations (PPR) are presented in housing frameworks. We collected data from randomly selected renters in three housing units in the PPR domain using a quantitative approach. We received more than 200 questionnaires from consumers. According to the results, the acceptability of house financing and mortgage financing conditions (MFC) influenced 63% of the distribution of PPR choices in Pakistan. Inclusion of accessibility (HFA). Based on the regression analysis, housing accessibility and house financing accessibility (HFA) had a significant impact on suggested PPR mortgage conditions. As a result of the accessibility of housing, PPR mortgage conditions can be presented in a better way by 97.5%, while accepting contract money adversely impacts PPR's productivity under mortgage financing conditions (MFC), resulting in an excess of 8.8% productivity. Consequently, since PPR is a technique for house financing accessibility (HFA) that is significantly dependent on housing justification, and acceptance of mortgage conditions negatively impacts the show of PPR, it could be concluded that residents were given overall value when deciding which PPR house units to buy because they were reasonable. The research indicates that the government should design conditions that allow PPR consumers to present accessible housing units to the general public. Due to this, PPR will be able to prove itself as a true plan for public housing, and knowledge of Pakistan will reduce house shortages.

Impact of Leadership Style on Employees’ Performance; Public Sector Study

Asad Ali, Riffat Mughal, Atif Nazeer Awan, Hassam Gul — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study examines the impact of leadership styles on employees' performance at the Board of Revenue Sindh. The quantitative research design was adopted by conducting a survey using a questionnaire. The data was collected from the employees of the Board of Revenue Sindh. The total number of respondents were 201. The purposive random sampling, a non-probability sampling, was employed for data collection. The primary data was collected using questionnaires. A simple linear regression technique was employed to test the hypotheses. The SPSS software was used for data analysis. The findings suggest that autocratic leadership, democratic leadership, and laissez-faire leadership styles significantly positively impact employees' performance at the Board of Revenue Sindh. Adopting any leadership style at the Board of Revenue Sindh enhances employees' job performance. It is recommended that management adopt all three leadership styles because they positively affect employee performance and create a good working environment.