علامہ اقبال کی تعلیمی اصلاحات، روایاتی اور جدید تعلیمی نظام کا تجزیہ

Educational Reforms of Allama Muhammad Iqbal (An Analysis of Traditional and Modern Educational system)

Abstract

This study critically analyzes the educational philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal, focusing on his critique and reformation proposals for both traditional religious and modern education systems. Allama Iqbal highlighted the shortcomings of the old religious education system, such as rigidity, narrow-mindedness, sectarianism, and intellectual stagnation, while also addressing the negative impacts of modern education, including the promotion of materialism, moral decay, and detachment from religious and cultural values. He emphasized the need for a balanced educational approach integrating spiritual and moral development with contemporary knowledge. Iqbal criticized modern education for fostering atheism, unemployment, and societal unrest, particularly its adverse effects on women's roles and family structures. He also expressed dissatisfaction with contemporary educators, who, in his view, lacked moral integrity and a clear educational vision. Ultimately, Iqbal advocated for an educational system that preserves Islamic identity, fosters critical thinking, and addresses the needs of the modern era while avoiding intellectual chaos and moral degradation.