@article{Zaki_Athar_2022, title={An Introductory Study of the "Al Sanusiya" Movement and its Thoughts}, volume={1}, url={https://journals.iub.edu.pk/index.php/pjqs/article/view/1674}, DOI={10.52461/pjqs.v1i2.1674}, abstractNote={<p><strong>al-Sanūsī</strong>, in full <strong>Sīdī Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Sanūsī </strong>(born c. 1787, Tursh, near <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Mostaganem">Mostaganem</a>, in northern Africa—died September 7, 1859, Jaghbūb, Cyrenaica), North African Islamic theologian who founded a reformist <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sufism">Sufi</a> movement, the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sanusiyyah">Sanūsiyyah</a>, which helped <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Libya">Libya</a> win its independence in the 20th century.</p> <p>During his formative years in his native Tursh (now in Algeria), which was incorporated in the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Ottoman-Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, al-Sanūsī observed the corruption of the Ottoman administrators. To continue his religious studies, in 1821 he went to <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Fes">Fès</a>, Morocco. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Morocco">Morocco</a> was then nominally independent but actually a colony of France. Al-Sanūsī’s experiences under foreign rule and his observation of the <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inherent">inherent</a> weakness of the Islamic states convinced him of the need for a revitalized Islamic <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/community">community</a>.</p> <p>The Sanūsiyyah became popular among the tribes of Cyrenaica. In the 20th century, under the leadership of al-Sanūsī’s grandson <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Idris-I-king-of-Libya">Idris</a>, the Sanūsiyyah <a href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/spearheaded">spearheaded</a> the liberation movement against Italian colonization. After Libya gained independence, Idris ruled Libya as king from 1951 to 1969.</p>}, number={2}, journal={Pakistan Journal of Qur’ānic Studies}, author={Zaki, Muhammad Qaiser and Athar, Samia}, year={2022}, month={Dec.}, pages={35–48} }