Pakistan Journal of Qur’ānic Studies

Determination of " Fī Sabīlillāh" in the Verse of Zakāt Expenditures (An Analytical Study in the Light of the Opinions of Mujtāhid Imāms and Contemporary Scholars)

Dr. Zubair Tayyab — 2024-12-15

The Qur'an has outlined these eight categories for the expenditure of zakāt; among them, an important category is "Fī Sabīlillāh." The literal meaning of "Fī Sabīlillāh" is generally understood as striving in the path of Allah. Generally, its concept and meaning are very broad. However, in the verse on the expenditures of zakāt, who exactly qualifies as "Fī Sabīlillāh"? On this issue, the opinions of Mujtāhid Imāms Fuqahā, Mufassirīn, and contemporary scholars differ. The present article examines the determination of "Fī Sabīlillāh" based on evidence. Contemporary scholars advocate for an unrestricted interpretation of "Fī Sabīlillāh." Some suggest a limited scope, while the majority of Muḥaddithīn and Fuqahā consider its scope to be very narrow. Both sides possess numerous arguments supporting their viewpoints. Among contemporary scholars, Dr. Allāmah Qarḍāwī has adopted a moderate position, including different types of jihād such as jihād with the pen and jihād with the tongue. This article will first present the views of later and contemporary scholars, followed by the opinions of the majority, and then analyze their arguments.

Transnational Sufism and Charismatic Vernacular Based Teachings in Medieval Sub-Continent

Munawar Hussain Chuhan — 2024-12-12

The word vernacular refers to everyday language, the customized expressions that used by the people of a particular region. The vernacular is different from official or literary language. It is the way people really talk with each other, i.e. families talk at home. Vernacular in Sufism belongs to a mechanism through which the religious teachings and communications adapted in local regional environments despite Arabic language (a literary language).

The doctrines of Tasawwuf and its practices were influenced into sub-continent have a long history. The first Sufi saint arrived in sub-continent at the closing of the 11^th century. The Sufi saints accompanied with them the religious loyalty, devotion, enthusiasm and piety. They became the Ambassadors of social harmony and cultural integrity in sub-continent. They have contributed immensely in favor of the philosophy, Literature as well as theological ideas. In Sub-continent, the credit of “vernacularization” of Islam and Sufism for the most part goes to these Sufi saints. They challenged the Arabo-Persian linguistic dominance by providing literature concerning belief in divinity in vernacular dialects and languages, as a main stream of these Sufi saints depended less on Persian and Arabic in favor of making accessible to the general public by presenting the Sufi message in an understandable form. Sufi saints kept occupied the medium of vernacular poetry for disseminating the message of Tasawwuf towards the inhabitants. The prime objective of this article is to distinguish and analyze the impact of Tasawwuf campaign in sub-continent in the perspective of vernacularism. I have used in this research article two research methodologies one is the descriptive and the other is analytical. The secondary source materials have been consulted as main sources for writing this research article.

تفسیر "تیسیر القرآن" میں مباحثِ سیرت اور مقامِ نبوت کا علمی و تحقیقی جائزہ

Dr. Salma Mahmood — 2024-12-11

The advent of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) represents one of the most profound milestones in religious and world history. The study of the Seerah (biography) of the Prophet (ﷺ) remains a cornerstone of Islamic scholarship and literature. Recognizing the immaculate nature and unparalleled stature of the Prophet (ﷺ), both biographers and Qur'anic commentators have dedicated extensive discussions to his life and Prophethood. Urdu commentators, in particular, have made notable contributions by interpreting Qur'anic verses related to the Seerah with eloquence and deep reverence. Among these, Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani's Tafseer Taiseer-ul-Quran stands out for its comprehensive methodology, integrating Qur'anic exegesis, Hadith, and scholarly opinions. Kilani’s work addresses doctrinal and jurisprudential issues while incorporating modern scientific insights. A prominent feature of his commentary is the detailed exploration of the Seerah, including the Prophet’s (ﷺ) missions, battles, and historical context. Kilani emphasizes the objectives of Prophethood, the human nature of prophets, and their pivotal role in guiding humanity. His tafseer offers a profound resource for understanding the Qur'an’s wisdom and the life of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), effectively addressing contemporary ideological challenges.