South Asian Review of Business and Administrative Studies (SABAS)

Efficacy of Opt-in vs. Opt-out Default Nudges to Encourage Socially Responsible Investing: The Moderating Role of Financial Literacy

Khadija Ashfaq — 2023-04-13

This study intends to investigate the impact of opt-in and opt-out default nudges on Pakistani investors' decisions to make socially responsible investments, with the moderating influence of investors' financial literacy. A commercial online panel is used to gather data as part of an experiment with an incentive-based online survey. A total of N = 518 individuals are randomly assigned to two treatment groups—opt-in and opt-out—and one control group. The empirical findings of this study show that, although being less effective than the opt-out nudge effect, the opt-in nudge effect nevertheless has a considerable impact on SRI decisions. The study's results also show that financial literacy moderator has partially significant impact on the efficacy of default nudges. In order to improve investment instruments that might encourage SRI investment in society, SRI policymakers can benefit from this study.

Marketing Analytics Implementation Strategies Exploration for Organizational Transformation at Askari Cement: A Case Study Analysis

Imran Bashir Dar — 2023-04-18

Marketing Analytics is a strategic shift where companies need to explore and identify the managerial dynamics of marketing analytics in terms of the implementation strategies that are adapted or preferred by the management for transforming the organisation. This study is about the same in terms of a cement manufacturing company. As much of the research concerning the problem area is focused on IT-intensive companies, this research endeavour would enrich the current research in terms of mapping the marketing analytics implementation strategies for organisational transformation in a developing economy.

Expected Shortfall and Value at Risk as Alternative of Market Beta to Explain Cross-Sectional Stock Returns

Adeel Nasir — 2023-06-27

The objective of this study to risk return model with Value at Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) as the systematic risk factors. Notably, it is tested whether VaR and ES can be used as an alternative of market beta in the traditional Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), three and five-factor model. Data is collected for non-financial companies listed at the Pakistani Stock Exchange. VaR and ES are calculated at two levels of significance, i.e. 95% and 99%. Results showed that the traditional market beta of CAPM, three and five-factor model is not following risk-averse behaviour of investors. Conversely, VaR and ES showed a positive relationship with stock returns supporting the 'high-risk, high return' theory. Furthermore, investment, profitability and size factors become redundant with VaR and ES as systematic risk factors. Therefore, it is recommended that VaR and ES may be used the alternative to market beta to predict the cross sections of stock excess returns.

From Retrospective to Prospective View of Xenophobia Through the Lens of Human Resource Diversity Management

Rana Salman Anwar — 2023-06-27

“Xenophobia”, fear against or of foreigners is a concern for managers, organizations, social activists as well as global leaders has long been debated. However, research at the intersection of xenophobia and human resource management is lacking. To fill the lacuna, this study systematically reviewed the literature (N=157) spanning from 1945 to 2021 to dig out conceptualization of the xenophobia, different contexts, types, solutions, antecedents, theoretical foundation, and methodological debates. To screen the articles PRISMA approach was followed in this study. This systematic literature review uncovered many future avenues, which were not considered in the area of human resource management. These findings will help in identifying future research directions, as well as setting managerial guidelines at cross-cultural settings. The study tried to answer various research questions that may help to link past research with the future prospect to converge the research to a single point.

Foundation of Corporate Social Responsibility and Innovation for Achieving Competitive Advantage

Muhammad Gulraiz — 2023-06-27

The modern business environment requires organizations to constantly look for ways to gain a competitive advantage. This study bibliometrically describes and depicts the knowledge about corporate social responsibility and innovations as a source of competitive advantage. Current study extracted the 428 documents from WoS database for 2009 to 2023. This study applied a two stage bibliometric approach in the methodology part. In the first stage, the selection of the keywords: “corporate social responsibility” OR “frugal innovation” OR “disruptive innovation” AND “competitive advantage” being used in the search bar of WoS database and in the second stage VOSviewer software was used on the data file extracted from the WoS database for bibliometric analysis techniques. The findings enabled us to identify how different regions of the glob that have contributed most significantly to the expansion of this field of knowledge as well as the most significant authors, articles and journals. Current study has some limitations like documents were extracted from only one database e.g. WoS and this study ignored the other sources like Scopus, Dimensions and Google scholar. Only published articles were included in the analysis for the period of 2009 to 2023. The findings have implications for research scholars, practitioners and policy makers for in-depth knowledge of the current study indicators and this research provides future trends in the development of CSR knowledge. The originality of the paper contributes to the knowledge of bibliometric approach to disseminate trend in CSR as most relevant source of competitive advantage from the WoS database.

Effect of teaching practices on students’ persuasive writing skills in subject of English at Secondary level

Qudsia Fatima — 2023-06-27

Teaching English writing skill is challenging target for teachers at all levels of education in Pakistan. There are variety of teaching practices used by teachers for improving writing ability of their students. This study was based on teaching practices used at Secondary School Certificate and Ordinary level in English by using causal comparative design. Sample of the study comprised of all the schools of Lahore city offered SSC and O level simultaneously by using purposive sampling technique. Test and rubrics were administered to students at the same time to know their level of learning. Questionnaire was developed to determine the teaching practices used by teachers. To determine the interrater reliability of scoring Krippendorff alpha was calculated. Findings of the study showed that achievement of students differ significantly of students of both groups (SSC and O level). Teachers of SSC were in favour of using teacher centered practices, on the other hand, O level teachers frequently used student centered. It is suggested that teachers of SSC should use student centered teaching practices and rubrics should be given to students along with test for assessment of essay type questions for reliable scoring.

The Parental involvement in academic affairs of children with vision impairment enrolled at primary level in government special education institutions of Punjab: An evaluative investigation

Muhammad Jahanzaib — 2023-06-27

The purpose of this research was to determine the kind and degree of parental engagement in the primary level CWVI’s education provided by government special education organizations in Punjab, Pakistan. Mixed-method descriptive study was conducted. 53 fifth-grade kids with visual impairment, 31 randomly chosen parents, and 127 special education teachers (JSETs and SSETs) were the sample of study. Multistage sampling approaches were used to collect data. Teachers and CWVI individually completed the surveys for the researcher. While all parent interviews were conducted over the phone with the permission of school administration. The five experts on the panel verified each of the three research tools. Chronbech alpha was used to assess the accuracy of questionnaires, and the results are as follows.840 for the teacher survey and.792 for the survey on children with visual impairment. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data was analyzed using theme analysis. According to the study, parents cannot provide their CWVI the assistance they need since the majority of them have poor socioeconomic and educational status. Similar to a lot of instructors believed that parents did not provide their kids with visual impairment same opportunity as they did for their other children, however CWVI refuted this notion. According to the study, individualized family assistance plans should be implemented to help care takers of CWVI. Additionally, training programmes on teaching Braille literacy, arithmetic, the operating the helping aids, etc. Maybe offered to parents of CWVI.

Key words; Children with vision impairment, academic affairs, level of parental involvements

Lean Six Sigma DMAIC Approach to Improve Delivery Performance

Akash Raza — 2023-06-30

Today each and every thing is available just on one click. On-time delivery, quality and cost are the globally recognized foremost business drivers. Instant delivery of quality products with reasonable price is the first priority of today’s customers and business is distinguished to fulfill this expectation of customer. Advancement in technology is growing day by day. Amazon Prime offers quick delivery of One Day to its global customers. Such type of trend has urged manufacturing industry to make fast manufacturing with high quality and low price. Defects and wastages reduction is the first move to compete on globally. Quick or On-time delivery, quality and reduced costs are attainable by reducing cycle time and eliminating defects and wastages from manufacturing processes. The aim of this study is to improve on-time delivery performance by reducing cycle time with the minimization of rejection faults of washing and dyeing processes by implementing Lean Six Sigma DMAIC approach. Through the five phases of DMAIC, different tools and techniques of six sigmas were exercised. Define phase helped to elucidate the problem, measure phase computed the frequency of rejection defects and process sigma level, analyzed phase used pareto analysis to identify vital few and fishbone diagram to find root cause of vital few, to generate possible solutions and implement best one, brainstorming and KAIZEN events were used in improve phase, and control phase devised monitoring mechanism to sustain the results .DMAIC was applied in Washing department for washing and dyeing processes. Conspicuous results were found with successful application of DMAIC. The rejection rate was reduced from 5% to 0.9% and delivery performance was improved from76% to 94%. Sigma level was enhanced from 4.1 to 4.7 and FPY was upgraded from 95% to 99%. Company saved $24593 and $73778 on monthly and quarterly basis respectively,