https://journals.iub.edu.pk/index.php/ulumearabia <p>Refereed Research Journal <strong> Al-Uloom ul-Arabia</strong> Arabic Research Journal is a national Journal for Arabic Linguistics &amp; Literature Research. It is an Open Access Bi-annual Peer Reviewed Print and Online Journal which has become an Academic Research Journal with an International Advisory Board representing various fields of research. This journal is launched to promote the study of general fields of Arabic Linguistics and Literature i.e. Morphology, Grammar, Rhetoric, Semantics, Phonology, Prosody, the Arab World, Poetry, Prose, Criticism, Comparative Literature, Religious Literature, Subcontinent Literature, and all other fields related to Arabic linguistics and literature.</p> The Islamia University of Bahawalpur en-US AL-ULOOM-UL-ARABIA 2518-962X https://journals.iub.edu.pk/index.php/ulumearabia/article/view/3629 <p><em>The theme of complaint is one of the significant poetic themes that reflect human conditions and suffering across different eras. It evolved over time, adapting to the changing social, political, and economic circumstances, giving it diverse dimensions depending on the context of each era.</em></p> <p><em>In the Pre-Islamic Era, complaint was linked to the harshness of nature and time, as poets expressed their struggles with drought and deprivation.</em></p> <p><em>In the Islamic Era, individual complaints decreased under the influence of Islamic values, while complaints about injustice and poverty emerged as part of social responsibility.</em></p> <p><em>In the Abbasid Era, the scope of complaints expanded to include poverty, illness, envy, and the poets’ frustrations with the complexities and uncertainties of life.</em></p> <p><em>In the Andalusian Era, complaints reflected a connection with nature and political events, especially during the decline of Muslim rule and the fall of Al-Andalus.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Key words: </em></strong><em>Evolution, Theme,</em> <em>Complaint,</em> <em>Arabic Poetry,</em> <em>Across the Ages</em></p> Dr. Yasmin Akhtar Dr. Qasim Azam Bhutta Dr. Farah naz Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 13 1 https://journals.iub.edu.pk/index.php/ulumearabia/article/view/3696 <p><em>Bahawalpur sits in the heart of the Punjab province, which is in turn is the largest province of Pakistan. Punjab is also the home of one of the oldest human civilizations in human history and it has distinct cultural and literary features that are distinctive in the Indo-Pak subcontinent cultural landscape. Punjab is in itself divided into two parts, northern Punjab that contains several major cities of which the largest and most important of is Lahore, and southern Punjab, which contains three major cities of which Bahawalpur is the most important. This study focus on the literary scene in Bahawalpur as the city is considered one of the oldest settlements in the world, with long cultural and literary history. And it is this long and rich cultural heritage that allowed the city, and though residing in the heart of a Saraiki dominated region, to support and cherish cultural and literary work in other languages, most notably Urdu. As such, Bahawalpur was the home for various literary models in prose and poetry in the Urdu language, and this was reinforced by the effective role of thinkers and writers in this city in order to advance science and literature, such as Allama Muhammad Iqbal.</em></p> Dr. Hind Abdel Haleem Mahfouz Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-03-16 2025-03-16 13 1 21 55