Evolution of the Principles of Hadith Comprehension ('Ilm al-Dirayah) A Historical Review

اصول درایت حدیث کا ارتقاء ۔ ایک تاریخی جائزہ

Abstract

There are two fundamental sciences used to understand the exact meaning of Hadith: 'Ilm al-Riwayah, the science of Hadith transmission, and 'Ilm al-Dirayah, the science of Hadith comprehension. Hadith scholars utilize both sciences to reveal the true intent of a Hadith. This paper focuses on 'Ilm al-Dirayah, the science of Hadith comprehension, exploring its principles from a historical perspective, known as 'Usul al-Darayah'. The research traces the evolution of these principles from their beginning to their formalization within traditional Islamic sciences. Islamic history indicates that the origin of 'Ilm al-Riwayah dates back to the era of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). During that time, the companions adopted methodologies for Hadith authentication before adapting a Hadith. After the Prophet's (PBUH) demise, his companions diligently worked to reshape and develop these methodologies. In the first and second Hijri centuries, Muslim scholars significantly contributed to the evolution of this science, organizing it in a systematic manner. Their efforts have made it easier for contemporary researchers to evaluate Hadith in light of these established principles.