ریاستِ مدینہ کی معاشی بنیادوں کا قیام منہجِ نبوی ﷺ کے تناظر میں ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ

The Establishment of the Economic Foundations of the State of Madinah in the Light of the Prophetic Methodology: A Research Study

Abstract

When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ laid the foundations of the Islamic state in Madinah, he demonstrated a profound understanding of the essential role that a stable economy plays in ensuring the strength and sustainability of any political system. He did not merely acknowledge the economic dimension of state-building but actively structured it in accordance with the principles of Islamic law, aiming to establish a system that served the collective welfare of society. A central feature of his economic vision was to make the economy subservient to the needs of the community, rather than reducing the community to a tool for economic gain. The primary objective of this research is to explore the Prophet’s ﷺ strategic approach in building and activating the economic base of the Islamic state in Madinah. It seeks to highlight how, through wisdom and foresight, he initiated the foundation of a just and exemplary economic order. One of his earliest practical measures—following the construction of the mosque—was the establishment of a free and independent market for Muslims. This move effectively challenged and diminished the economic monopoly previously held by the Jewish tribes of Madinah. The Prophet ﷺ introduced comprehensive ethical and regulatory guidelines to govern the marketplace, rooted in values such as honesty, transparency, and justice. These principles elevated economic activity beyond mere material pursuit, infusing it with a moral and spiritual ethos. Thus, the economic foundations laid during the Prophet’s ﷺ time became the cornerstone of a broader transformative vision, ultimately shaping the Islamic model of socio-economic justice for generations to come.