The Influence of Social Comparison, Perceived Organizational Justice, and Workplace Competition on Workplace Envy and Schadenfreude: The Moderating Role of Dark Triad Personality Traits among Senior Officials in Pakistan’s Public Sector Organizations

Shahzadi Sattar; Zara Hayat; Sahar Hayat

doi:10.52461/sabas.v7i2.4706

Authors

Shahzadi Sattar NFC IET Multan, Pakistan
Zara Hayat University of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan
Sahar Hayat NFC IET Multan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52461/sabas.v7i2.4706

Keywords:

Organizational justice, Workplace Envy, Dark Triad Personality, Public Sector Organizations, Southern Punjab Pakistan

Abstract

This research examines the influence of social comparison, organizational justice, and competition in the workplace on workplace envy and schadenfreude, while considering the Dark Triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) personality traits as moderating factors. Here, the focus is on the government departments of Pakistan and the higher management level employees. Based on the Social Comparison Theory, the research suggests that upward social comparison, perception of injustice in an organizational setting, and envy in the workplace foster schadenfreude. The study also elaborates on the role of Dark Triad traits in the aforementioned relationships. Data were collected from a sample of 320 employees in the public sector in Southern Punjab, including the police, health, education, judiciary, taxation, and local government departments. Social comparison, organizational justice, workplace competition, envy (benign and malicious), Dark Triad traits, and schadenfreude were measured on standardized Likert-type scales. The findings contribute by offering an integrated framework of the antecedents and consequences of workplace envy, and address the gaps in the existing literature that have dealt with these variables in isolation. Concentrating on the public sector of Pakistan that is perceived to be corrupt and have scarce opportunities for advancement, and is highly bureaucratic, this research enhances our understanding of the emotional manifestations in organizations that are the result of an interplay of perceptions of competitiveness and justice and traits of the Dark Triad.

Author Biographies

Shahzadi Sattar, NFC IET Multan, Pakistan

Lecturer NFC IET Multan, Pakistan

Zara Hayat, University of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan

Department of Psychology, University of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan

Sahar Hayat, NFC IET Multan, Pakistan

Lecturer NFC IET, Multan, Pakistan

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