الجامع الصحیح (از ابو عبداللہ محمد بن اسماعیلؒ بخاری) کی تفسیری احادیث و آثار کااسلوب و منہج

Al-Jami' al-Sahih (by Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Ismail Bukhari) Style of Tafseeri Hadiths and Asaar

Abstract

Imam Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ismail al-Bukhari (d. 256 AH), the eminent Hadith scholar, compiled the renowned Al-Jami‘al-Sahih, universally acknowledged by the Muslim Ummah as the most authentic book after the Holy Qur’an. This compilation stands as a foundational text in the science of Hadith, and within it, the section titled Kitab al-Tafsir (The Book of Exegesis) occupies a unique and distinguished position. Imam al-Bukhari undertook the task of explicating nearly every surah of the Qur’an, organizing Kitab al-Tafsir in a structure that closely mirrors the sequence and number of Qur’anic surahs. In this section, he included 505 Hadiths, out of which 100 Hadiths are exclusive to this chapter and are not found elsewhere in Al-Jami‘ al-Sahih. This exclusivity adds to the scholarly and exegetical value of the book. A significant methodological feature of Kitab al-Tafsir is Imam Bukhari’s use of both Tafsir bil-Ma’thur (exegesis based on transmitted narrations from the Prophet ﷺ, Companions, and Successors) and Tafsir bil-Ra’y al-Mahmood (reasoned interpretation that is sound and acceptable within scholarly boundaries). His adoption of both approaches indicates his balanced methodology and his recognition of the legitimacy of Ra’y when grounded in sound knowledge and principles of interpretation. Moreover, Kitab al-Tafsir is a valuable source for numerous ‘Uloom al-Qur’an (sciences of the Qur’an), including but not limited to:

• Asbab al-Nuzul (occasions of revelation),
• Classification of Makki and Madani surahs,
• Enumeration of verses (‘Adad al-Ayat),
• Knowledge of Qur’anic recitations (‘Ilm al-Qira’at),
• Understanding of rare and obscure Qur’anic words (Gharib al-Qur’an).

Imam Bukhari also masterfully integrates the Qur’anic text with relevant Hadiths, presenting a coherent intertextual methodology that deepens one understands of both the Qur’an and the Sunnah. His Kitab al-Tafsir thus serves as an indispensable resource for students and scholars seeking a Hadith-based insight into the meanings and contexts of the Qur’anic revelation.