Role of aldose reductase in Ischemic Heart Disease in subjects visiting Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52461/ijnms.v1i2.833Keywords:
Ischemic heart disease, aldose reductase, total glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteinAbstract
Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases due to insufficient blood supply to cardiac cells. Aldose reductase (AR) is a multifunctional enzyme that converts glucose into sorbitol in the polyol pathway. The main objective of this study is to determine the role of aldose reductase in ischemic heart disease subjects in our local population and its relationship with lipid profile. Methods: This cross-sectional study sampled 100 subjects from Jelani Block of PIC Lahore after ethical approval, categorized into two groups depending on disease condition, i.e., the IHD (n=50) group and Control Group (n=50), including healthy subjects. They were taken together with disease history, age, smoking, hypertension, and physical activity examined as inclusion criteria. The level of biochemical parameters was evaluated by using a chemistry analyzer. Hormonal (AR) and cardiac marker (CK-MB) assessments were performed on the ELISA system using commercially available ELSA diagnostic kits. Results: The results revealed that levels of aldose reeducate and CK-MB was comparatively more significant in the IHD group than control, but total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) showed no significant difference between the control and IHD group. Conclusion: A statistically non-significant relationship was observed between aldose reductase and CK-MB and lipid profile in the IHD patients, indicating the role of aldose reductase in IHD subjects because it increases oxidative stress in cardiac cells.
References
2. Wong ND. Epidemiological studies of CHD and the evolution of preventive cardiology. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2014; 11(5):276.
3. Naghavi M, Libby P, Falk E, Casscells SW, Litovsky S, Rumberger J, Badimon JJ, Stefanadis C, Moreno P, Pasterkamp G, Fayad Z. From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient: a call for new definitions and risk assessment strategies: Part I. Circulation. 2003; 108(14):1664-72. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000087480.94275.97
4. Mehta PK, Wei J, Wenger NK. Ischemic heart disease in women: a focus on risk factors. Trends in cardiovascular medicine. 2015; 25(2):140-5.1 doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2014.10.005
5. Ramasamy R, Goldberg IJ. Aldose reductase and cardiovascular diseases, creating human-like diabetic complications in an experimental model. Circulation research. 2010; 106(9):1449-58.doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.213447
6. Rezende PC, Scudeler TL, da Costa LM, Hueb W. Conservative strategy for treatment of stable coronary artery disease. World Journal of Clinical Cases: WJCC. 2015; 3(2):163. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i2.163
7. Hers HG. The mechanism of the transformation of glucose in fructose in the seminal vesicles. Biochimicaetbiophysicaacta. 1956; 22(1): 202. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(56)90247-5
8. Gabbay KH. The sorbitol pathway and the complications of diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 1973; 288(16):831-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197304192881609
9. Schrijvers BF, De Vriese AS, Flyvbjerg A. From hyperglycemia to diabetic kidney disease: the role of metabolic, hemodynamic, intracellular factors and growth factors/cytokines. Endocrine reviews. 2004; 25(6):971-1010. doi: 10.1210/er.2003-0018
10. Abdillahi M, Ramasamy R. Aldose Reductase and Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease. InDiabetic Cardiomyopathy 2014 (pp. 143-158). Springer, New York, NY.
11. Hwang YC, Sato S, Tsai JY, Yan S, Bakr S, Zhang H, Oates PJ, Ramasamy R. Aldose reductase activation is a key component of myocardial response to ischemia. The FASEB Journal. 2002; 16(2):1-22. doi: 10.1096/fj.01-0368fje
12. Mythili S, Malathi N. Diagnostic markers of acute myocardial infarction. Biomedical reports. 2015; 3(6):743-8. doi: 10.3892/br.2015.500
13. Savitha MR, Sandeep B. The study of lipid profile, diet and other cardiovascular risk factors in children born to parents having premature ischemic heart disease. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine. 2011; 36(4):291. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.91334
14. Ashraf T, Memon MA, Talpur MS, Panhwar Z, Rasool SI. Frequency of metabolic syndrome in patients with ischemic heart disease. JPMA-Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2011; 61(8):729.
15. Roth GA, Johnson C, Abajobir A, Abd-Allah F, Abera SF, Abyu G, Ahmed M, Aksut B, Alam T, Alam K, Alla F. Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases for 10 causes, 1990 to 2015. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017; 70(1):1-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.052
16. Yasmin S, Mallick NH, Naveed T, Ali M, Noman A, Shakoor T. Metabolic syndrome in patients with ischemic heart disease. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008; 18(10):605-7.
17. Enas EA, Yusuf S, Mehta JL. Prevalence of coronary artery disease in Asian Indians. American journal of cardiology. 1992; 70(9):945-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(92)90744-J
18. Azab AE, Elsayed AS. Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk Factors and Correlation of its Markers with Serum Lipids. J ApplBiotechnolBioeng. 2017; 3(4):00075. doi: 10.15406/jabb.2017.03.00075
19. Barolia R, Sayani AH. Risk factors of cardiovascular disease and its recommendations in Pakistani context. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2017; 67(11):1723.
20. Psaltopoulou T, Hatzis G, Papageorgiou N, Androulakis E, Briasoulis A, Tousoulis D. Socioeconomic status and risk factors for cardiovascular disease: impact of dietary mediators. Hellenic journal of cardiology. 2017; 58(1):32-42. doi: 10.1016/j.hjc.2017.01.022
21. Lanza GA. Cardiac syndrome X: a critical overview and future perspectives. Heart. 2007; 93(2):159-66.
22. Lanza GA. Cardiac syndrome X: a critical overview and future perspectives. Heart 2007; 93: 159–66. doi.10.1136/hrt.2005.067330
23. Thompson PD, Buchner D, Piña IL, Balady GJ, Williams MA, Marcus BH, Berra K, Blair SN, Costa F, Franklin B, Fletcher GF. Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology (Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention) and the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Subcommittee on Physical Activity). Circulation. 2003; 107(24):3109-16. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000075572.40158.77
24. Aperna A. effect of lower level of glucose in CK-MB. Nature Review Cardiology 2010; 7: 369-75.
25. Kumar, A. and Sathian, B. Correlation between lipid profile and troponin I test results in patientswith chest pain in Nepal. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(6): 487-491. doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60101-X.
26. Keys A. serum cholesterol response to diatery cholesterol. Am J Clinical Nutrition 1984; 40: 351-9.
27. Bhatia, G., Abhang, S. and Sontakke, A.N. Significance of Aldose Reductase in Diabetic cataract Int J Cur Res Rev | Vol 9 • Issue 11 • June 2017.:doi: 10.7324/IJCRR.2017.91110
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Natural Medicine and Health Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
• Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
• Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material.
• Attribution: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
• NonCommercial: You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
• No additional restrictions: You may not apply legal terms or technological measures, that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
