Patriarchy Prevails: Desuetude of Contraceptive Technology Due to Son Preference in Pakistan

Abstract

In many societies, son preference is considered a well-entrenched cultural norm that has a direct effect on family planning and decision-making about reproductive health. The current research examines the relationship between the desuetude of contraceptive technologies due to son preference, specifically in patriarchal contexts. The rigorous conduct of an SLR (Systematic Literature Review) methodology in this research illustrates how economic, societal, as well as cultural factors have perpetuated son preference in our society, which ultimately determines the contraceptive technology use. Several key studies are assessed under SLR to synthesise fundamental research findings. The key results of the study revealed that son preference crucially shapes contraceptive practices, and women's reluctance towards contraceptive use before giving birth to a son. However, the concept of son preference predominantly results in limiting females’ reproductive independence, creates gender imbalances and societal challenges in sustaining gender equality, perils of overpopulation and economic pressures on the country. The study builds around the discussion on the importance of addressing the economic standards, cultural norms, as well as family values that directly influence female reproductive health. The research, with its key discussion and conclusion, finally sheds light on such avenues that can be meaningful for future interventions covering the culturally sensitive spheres and meticulous strategies to help in mitigating the negative impact of son preference. Thus, the study builds policy discussions along with interventions that resonate with women's empowerment through access to safe contraceptive technologies, thus ensuring good reproductive health outcomes in the perplexing patriarchal structures.