علامہ اقبال کے اُردو کلام میں تذکرۂ شاہان

The Concept of Tazkira-e-Shahan (Reminiscence of Kings) in Allama Iqbal’s Urdu Poetry

Abstract

This study examines the concept of Tazkira-e-Shahan (تذکرہ شاہان) in Allama Iqbal’s Urdu poetry, highlighting how the poet uses historical and contemporary kings as symbols of leadership, morality, and political consciousness. Iqbal’s references to kings serve not merely as historical accounts but as didactic tools to critique despotism, inspire self-realization, and awaken the collective spirit of the Ummah. Through his poetry, Iqbal emphasizes the qualities of visionary leadership, justice, and ethical governance while contrasting the decline of tyrannical rulers with the potential of spiritually enlightened leadership. The analysis shows that Iqbal’s portrayal of kings integrates philosophical, ethical, and political dimensions, reflecting his broader concerns for cultural rejuvenation and national awakening. Furthermore, his Urdu poetry employs rich imagery, allegory, and narrative techniques to communicate complex socio-political messages to a diverse audience. By revisiting the deeds and characteristics of historical rulers, Iqbal encourages his readers to internalize lessons of courage, integrity, and wisdom, fostering a sense of individual and collective responsibility. This exploration contributes to the understanding of Iqbal’s poetic philosophy and his approach to leadership and governance, illustrating how literary representations of kings can serve both artistic and instructive purposes.