Impact of Triple-A Capabilities on Environmental Performance: Implications for Public Policy

Abstract

Triple-A Capabilities—comprising “Agility, Adaptability, and Alignment”—are recognized as essential for enhancing “supply chain performance” globally. Existing literature highlights the need for further investigation of the link between “Triple-A Capabilities” and “Environmental Performance”, especially within the context of developing nations. Accordingly, this research examines the relationship between these capabilities and “Environmental Performance” in Pakistan's pesticide industry. A quantitative approach was adopted under the positivist research paradigm. Initially, a review of existing literature helped to develop a conceptual framework to understand the interplay between “Triple-A Capabilities” and “Environmental Performance”. Subsequently, empirical data were gathered through an online structured questionnaire to test the proposed conceptual framework. The analysis was carried out using SmartPLS 4.0. Findings revealed a significant positive effect between “Triple-A Capabilities” and “Environmental Performance”. From a public policy perspective, it is recommended that government agencies promote the integration of Triple-A Capabilities through targeted supply chain training programs and regulatory incentives. Additionally, environmental compliance frameworks should be revised to encourage agility, adaptability, and alignment in operations. Future studies should be conducted across different countries and industrial sectors to increase the generalizability of the findings of current study.

Keywords: Triple-A Capabilities, Environmental Performance, Pesticide Firms, Public Policy, Pakistan