Parental Influence on Adolescent Substance Use: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Adolescence is a time characterized by great physical and
emotional changes that creates a lot of stress so individuals
in this age and stage are prone to more negative behavior
this is why substance use in early years can have more
serious and damaging consequences. The support of
people you have around determines your behavior
specially the parenting style, that can be interpreted as
universal style of parenting. The main focus of this review
is to explore the effect of parenting styles on adolescent
substance use. A systematic review of electronic databases
EBSCO, Emerald, PubMed, Ovid, Science Direct,
ProQuest, Taylor and Francis and Web of Science was
conducted from database inception to February to 2023.
Forty-eight unique records in total, were retrieved from the
eight databases between 2000 to 2023. Overall, reviewed
studies conducted in 11 countries: such as USA 19, Uk 05,
China 02, Switzerland03, Span 02, Mauritius 01, Barazil
01, South Africa 03, America 02, Swedan 02Turkey 01,
West Africa 01, Nigeria 01, Italy 01, Iran 01, Canada 01,
Balkans 02. From the information in these studies, we can
identify four basic parenting styles that were used to
observe the connection between substance use in
adolescence and parenting styles. This review showed that
authoritarian, permissive and neglectful parenting styles
all increase the chances of adolescents to use drugs while
the authoritative parenting style was the only one that
decreases the probability of substance use in adolescence.
To highlight the importance of positive parenting style
further studies are recommended with improved quality of
the researches by focusing more on stakeholder
engagement and expanding the degree of theory
application as well as theory reporting.