The Permissibility of Talfiq and the Continuation of Ijtihad- A Research Analysis

تلفیق کی مشروعیت اور اجتہاد کا تسلسل۔ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

Abstract

Talfiq, the practice of combining legal rulings from different Islamic schools of thought, offers flexibility in addressing contemporary issues within Islamic law. This approach allows scholars to adapt to modern challenges—such as finance, bioethics, and governance—by selecting rulings from various traditions that best fit the situation. However, while Talfiq provides practical solutions, critics argue that it risks undermining the consistency and coherence of traditional jurisprudence, potentially leading to legal contradictions or "fatwa shopping."

On the other hand, Ijtihad, the process of independent legal reasoning, is fundamental for the continued evolution of Islamic law in a changing world. Ijtihad enables scholars to interpret foundational Islamic texts—the Qur'an and Sunnah—in ways that respond to new social, ethical, and technological realities. It plays a crucial role in ensuring that Islamic law remains relevant and adaptable without straying from its core principles.

In modern legal discourse, Ijtihad often involves Talfiq, as scholars combine rulings from various schools to find balanced solutions for unprecedented challenges. The interplay between these two concepts is essential for addressing the complexities of contemporary life, ensuring that Islamic jurisprudence evolves in line with new realities while maintaining its foundational integrity. Together, Talfiq and Ijtihad serve as vital mechanisms for guiding Islamic law in the modern era.